Different Types of Parenting and Outcomes

Sunday 20 October 2013 1 comments

Different Types of Parenting and Outcomes
Interesting parenting styles and outcomes


There are four different styles of parenting, which were first defined by Diana Baumrind: authoritative parenting, authoritarian parenting, permissive parenting, and rejecting-neglecting parenting. In her research Baumrind believed that these four different styles of parenting all followed under two different dimensions. The first dimension was demandingness, which is defined by how demanding a parent is with their child as applied to child’s behavior or actions. The second dimension was responsiveness, which is defined by how responsive the parent is when making rules. For example, if a parent tells his/her child to stop doing a particular activity, this demonstrates their level of demand. Some parents may go a little bit further once they give a child a demand and actually respond with a reason as to why he/she should not do a certain thing. The four different styles that Baumrind defined are based upon these two different dimensions.

1. The first style of parenting defined by Baurmind is the authoritative parenting style. This parent exhibits consistent firm regulations and control, however, they give clear explanation to their child for their standards. Authoritative parents are very loving with their children and are supportive of their child. In addition, these parents are also strong believers of autonomy for their child.

2. Secondly there is the authoritarian parenting style. In this style of parenting parents are very demanding of their child and are not strong believers of giving their child a response and providing them explanations. They discourage give-and-take feedback with their child. A parent with this particular style believes that it is “his/her way or no way. They tell their child what they should do and do not expect them to give any feedback.

3. Thirdly, there is the permissive parent. This parent seems to show very little demand when it comes to following rules, and they pretty much allow their children to do what they want.

4. Finally, the rejecting-neglecting parent is one who does not monitor their child’s behavior and tends to be much disengaged with their child. They do not set any limits for what they child does. Also, they are not at all responsive, so they do not provide any type of warmth to their child.

It is believed that the style of parenting will not change too dramatically over time because parenting styles are defined by parent’s values, attitudes, and beliefs, and should be consistently stable over a long period of time.

The style of parenting that produces the most positive result is the authoritative style. Children whose parents employ this approach have been found to be happy, self-reliant and able to cope with stress. They also tend to be popular with their peers and have good social skills and confidence. They tend to set their own standards and are achievement oriented. However, children of authoritarian parents tend to be obedient, orderly, and not aggressive. They lack the self-esteem and self-control of their peers brought up by authoritarian parents. These children do not get praised often, and as they grow older, they tend to be motivated to do things for reward or punishment, rather than for reasons of right or wrong.


In contrast to other types of parenting, children raised by permissive parents do not cope with stress very well and get angry if they don’t get their own way. Also, they can be aggressive and domineering with their peers and do not tend to be achievement oriented.
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24 November 2013 at 22:14

your description of authoritarian parenting couldn't be more accurate. Unfortunately I was married to one of those types of parents. We've been divorced five years and I'm still dealing with the fallout with my sixteen yr old son. I am more of an authoritative parent, which I can see the results in my oldest daughter who is very successful as a young adult, she was old enough when my ex husband came into the picture that is authoritarian ways didn't negatively affect her as much as my two middle children. And my youngest, who is now eight seems to have adjusted well from being removed from the situation. I wonder though is there any way to help my sixteen yr old get through this and find his self esteem and ability to make decisions that don't affect him negatively on a regular basis?

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